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Literary structure (chiasmus, chiasm) of Books of Kings

Chiasmus and Concentric Structure of divided by 3

When the whole text is divided in three equivalent pericopes, three concentric structures appear. The central concentric structure correspopnds to the period of Elijah and Elisha activities. 1 and 2 Kings are divided into before Elijah and Elisha (nos. 1 to 27), activities of Elijah and Elisha (nos. 28 to 54), and after Elijah and Elisha (nos. 55 to 81).


3-1

1 The struggle for the succession (1K1:1-21)
  2 The accession of Solomon (1K1:22-40)
    3 Fear of Adonijah (1K1:41-53)
      4 Death of David (1K2:1-46)
        5 Solomon's wisdom (1K3:1-28)
          6 Magnificense of Solomon's rule (1K4:1-1K5:14)
            7 Preparation for the Temple (1K5:15-32)
              8 Solomon builds the Temple (1K6:1-38)
                9 Solomon's palace and other buildings (1K7:1-12)
                  10 Products of Hiram the bronzeworker (1K7:13-51)
                    11 Dedication of the Temple (1K8:1-53)
                      12 Solomon blesses the assembly (1K8:54-66)
                        13 God appears again to Solomon (1K9:1-9)
                          14 Other acts of Solomon (1K9:10-28)
                        15 Visits of the queen of Sheba (1K10:1-13)
                      16 Wealth of Solomon (1K10:14-29)
                    17 Solomon's errors (1K11:1-43)
                  18 The northern tribes secede (1K12:1-19)
                19 A man of God from Judah (1K12:20-1K13:34)
              20 Judgment on the house of Jeroboam (1K14:1-20)
            21 Rehoboam reigns over Judah (1K14:21-31)
          22 Abijam reigns over Judah (1K15:1-8)
        23 Asa reigns over Judah (1K15:9-24)
      24 Nadab reigns over Israel (1K15:25-32)
    25 Bassha reigns over Israel (1K15:33-1K16:7)
  26 Elah reigns over Israel (1K16:8-14)
27 Zimri reigns over Israel (1K16:15-22)
Former halfRelationLatter half
1 The struggle for the succession (1K1:1-21)
Adonijah, son of Haggith, began to display his ambition to be king. He acquired chariots, drivers, and fifty henchmen. (1K1:5)
Fight over throne27 Zimri reigns over Israel (1K16:15-22)
when they heard that Zimri had formed a conspiracy and had killed the king. So that day in the camp all Israel proclaimed Omri, general of the army, king of Israel. (1K16:16)
2 The accession of Solomon (1K1:22-40)
There the priest Zadok took the horn of oil from the tent and anointed Solomon (1K1:39)
Fight over throne26 Elah reigns over Israel (1K16:8-14)
Zimri entered; he struck and killed him in the twenty-seventh year of Asa, king of Judah, and reigned in his place. (1K16:10)
3 Fear of Adonijah (1K1:41-53)
Solomon answered, "If he proves himself worthy, not a hair shall fall from his head. But if he is found guilty of crime, he shall die." (1K1:52)
Death as punishment for evildoer25 Bassha reigns over Israel (1K15:33-1K16:7)
Through the prophet Jehu, son of Hanani, the LORD had threatened Baasha and his house, because of all the evil Baasha did in the sight of the LORD, provoking him to anger by his evil deeds, so that he became like the house of Jeroboam; and because he killed Nadab. (1K16:7)
4 Death of David (1K2:1-46)
1K2:31"Do as he has said, Strike him down and bury him, and you will remove from me and from my family the blood which Joab shed without provocation. 2:32 The LORD will hold him responsible for his own blood,
Death as punishment for evildoer24 Nadab reigns over Israel (1K15:25-32)
1K15:29 Once he was king, he killed off the entire house of Jeroboam, not leaving a single soul to Jeroboam but destroying him utterly, according to the warning which the LORD had pronounced through his servant, Ahijah the Shilonite, 15:30 because of the sins Jeroboam committed and caused Israel to commit, by which he provoked the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger.
5 Solomon's wisdom (1K3:1-28)
1K3:1Solomon allied himself by marriage with Pharaoh, king of Egypt.
Alliance with foreign country23 Asa reigns over Judah (1K15:9-24)
1K15:18 Asa then took all the silver and gold remaining in the treasuries of the temple of the LORD and of the royal palace. Entrusting them to his ministers, King Asa sent them to Ben-hadad, son of Tabrimmon, son of Hezion, king of Aram, resident in Damascus.
5 Solomon's wisdom (1K3:1-28)
1K3:3 Solomon loved the LORD, and obeyed the statutes of his father David; yet he offered sacrifice and burned incense on the high places.
King is good, but there is high place for sacrifice23 Asa reigns over Judah (1K15:9-24)
1K15:14 The high places did not disappear; yet Asa's heart was entirely with the LORD as long as he lived.
5 Solomon's wisdom (1K3:1-28)
1K3:14 And if you follow me by keeping my statutes and commandments, as your father David did, I will give you a long life."
The way of David23 Asa reigns over Judah (1K15:9-24)
1K15:11 Asa pleased the LORD like his forefather David, 15:12 banishing the temple prostitutes from the land and removing all the idols his father had made.
6 Magnificense of Solomon's rule (1K4:1-1K5:14)
1K5:4 He ruled over all the land west of the Euphrates, from Tiphsah to Gaza, and over all its kings, and he had peace on all his borders round about.
War and peace22 Abijam reigns over Judah (1K15:1-8)
1K15:6 There was war between Abijam and Jeroboam.
7 Preparation for the Temple (1K5:15-32)
1K5:24 So Hiram continued to provide Solomon with all the cedars and fir trees he wished; 5:25 while Solomon every year gave Hiram twenty thousand kors of wheat to provide for his household, and twenty thousand measures of pure oil.
Gaining from / deprived by foreign king21 Rehoboam reigns over Judah (1K14:21-31)
1K14:25 In the fifth year of King Rehoboam, Shishak, king of Egypt, attacked Jerusalem. 14:26 He took everything, including the treasures of the temple of the LORD and those of the royal palace,
8 Solomon builds the Temple (1K6:1-38)
1K6:12 "As to this temple you are building--if you observe my statutes, carry out my ordinances, keep and obey all my commands, I will fulfill toward you the promise I made to your father David.
The words of the Lord about David and commandments20 Judgment on the house of Jeroboam (1K14:1-20)
1K14:8Yet you have not been like my servant David, who kept my commandments and followed me with his whole heart, doing only what pleased me. 14:9 You have done worse than all who preceded you: you have gone and made for yourself strange gods and molten images to provoke me; but me you have cast behind your back.
9 Solomon's palace and other buildings (1K7:1-12)
1K7:1 His own palace Solomon completed after thirteen years of construction.
Palace of Solomon19 A man of God from Judah (1K12:20-1K13:34)
1K13:7 "Come home with me for some refreshment," the king invited the man of God, "and I will give you a present." 13:8 "If you gave me half your kingdom," the man of God said to the king, "I would not go with you,
10 Products of Hiram the bronzeworker (1K7:13-51)
1K7:13 King Solomon had Hiram brought from Tyre
Bringing from foreign country18 The northern tribes secede (1K12:1-19)
1K12:3 They now sent for him, and Jeroboam and the whole assembly of Israel came
11 Dedication of the Temple (1K8:1-53)
1K8:9 the LORD made a covenant with the Israelites at their departure from the land of Egypt
Covenant with the LORD17 Solomon's errors (1K11:1-43)
1K11:11 Since this is what you want, and you have not kept my covenant and my statutes which I enjoined on you, I will deprive you of the kingdom and give it to your servant.
12 Solomon blesses the assembly (1K8:54-66)
1K8:63 Solomon offered as peace offerings to the LORD twenty-two thousand oxen and one hundred twenty thousand sheep.
Fortune of Solomon16 Wealth of Solomon (1K10:14-29)
1K10:14 The gold that Solomon received every year weighed six hundred and sixty-six gold talents, 10:15 in addition to what came from the Tarshish fleet, from the traffic of merchants, and from all the kings of Arabia and the governors of the country.
13 God appears again to Solomon (1K9:1-9)
1K9:4 As for you, if you live in my presence as your father David lived, sincerely and uprightly, doing just as I have commanded you, keeping my statutes and decrees, 9:5 I will establish your throne of sovereignty over Israel forever, as I promised your father David when I said, 'You shall always have someone from your line on the throne of Israel.'
The Lord selects a king15 Visits of the queen of Sheba (1K10:1-13)
1K10:9 Blessed be the LORD, your God, whom it has pleased to place you on the throne of Israel. In his enduring love for Israel, the LORD has made you king to carry out judgment and justice."

3-1-1

1 The struggle for the succession (1K1:1-21)
  2 The accession of Solomon (1K1:22-40)
    3 Fear of Adonijah (1K1:41-53)
      4 Death of David (1K2:1-46)
        5 Solomon's wisdom (1K3:1-28)
          6 Magnificense of Solomon's rule (1K4:1-1K5:14)
            7 Preparation for the Temple (1K5:15-32)
            8 Solomon builds the Temple (1K6:1-38)
          9 Solomon's palace and other buildings (1K7:1-12)
        10 Products of Hiram the bronzeworker (1K7:13-51)
      11 Dedication of the Temple (1K8:1-53)
    12 Solomon blesses the assembly (1K8:54-66)
  13 God appears again to Solomon (1K9:1-9)
14 Other acts of Solomon (1K9:10-28)
Former halfRelationLatter half
1 The struggle for the succession (1K1:1-21)
1K1:9 When he slaughtered sheep, oxen, and fatlings at the stone Zoheleth, near En-rogel, Adonijah invited all his brothers, the kings sons, and all the royal officials of Judah.
Offerings14 Other acts of Solomon (1K9:10-28)
1K9:25 Three times a year Solomon used to offer holocausts and peace offerings on the altar which he had built to the LORD, and to burn incense before the LORD;
2 The accession of Solomon (1K1:22-40)
1K1:30 this very day I will fulfill the oath I swore to you by the LORD, the God of Israel, that your son Solomon should reign after me and should sit upon my throne in my place."
Seating at throne13 God appears again to Solomon (1K9:1-9)
1K9:5 I will establish your throne of sovereignty over Israel forever, as I promised your father David when I said, 'You shall always have someone from your line on the throne of Israel.'
3 Fear of Adonijah (1K1:41-53)
1K1:48Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, who has this day seated one of my sons upon my throne, so that I see it with my own eyes."
Blessed be the Lord12 Solomon blesses the assembly (1K8:54-66)
1K8:56 "Blessed be the LORD who has given rest to his people Israel, just as he promised.
4 Death of David (1K2:1-46)
1K2:3 Keep the mandate of the LORD, your God, following his ways and observing his statutes, commands, ordinances, and decrees as they are written in the law of Moses
The law of Moses11 Dedication of the Temple (1K8:1-53)
1K8:9 the LORD made a covenant with the Israelites at their departure from the land of Egypt
5 Solomon's wisdom (1K3:1-28)
When all Israel heard the judgment the king had given, they were in awe of him, because they saw that the king had in him the wisdom of God for giving judgment. (1K3:28)
Wisdom (hkm)10 Products of Hiram the bronzeworker (1K7:13-51)
He was a bronze worker, the son of a widow from the tribe of Naphtali; his father had been from Tyre. He was endowed with skill, understanding, and knowledge of how to produce any work in bronze. He came to King Solomon and did all his metal work. (1K7:14)
6 Magnificense of Solomon's rule (1K4:1-1K5:14)
Solomon had twelve commissaries for all Israel who supplied food for the king and his household, each having to provide for one month in the year. (1K4:7)
Glory of Solomon9 Solomon's palace and other buildings (1K7:1-12)
His own palace Solomon completed after thirteen years of construction. (1K7:1)
7 Preparation for the Temple (1K5:15-32)
So I purpose to build a temple in honor of the LORD, my God, as the LORD predicted to my father David when he said: 'It is your son whom I will put upon your throne in your place who shall build the temple in my honor. (1K5:19)
Building the temple8 Solomon builds the Temple (1K6:1-38)
In the four hundred and eightieth year from the departure of the Israelites from the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month, the construction of the temple of the LORD was begun. (1K6:1)

3-1-2

14 Other acts of Solomon (1K9:10-28)
  15 Visits of the queen of Sheba (1K10:1-13)
    16 Wealth of Solomon (1K10:14-29)
      17 Solomon's errors (1K11:1-43)
        18 The northern tribes secede (1K12:1-19)
          19 A man of God from Judah (1K12:20-1K13:34)
            20 Judgment on the house of Jeroboam (1K14:1-20)
            21 Rehoboam reigns over Judah (1K14:21-31)
          22 Abijam reigns over Judah (1K15:1-8)
        23 Asa reigns over Judah (1K15:9-24)
      24 Nadab reigns over Israel (1K15:25-32)
    25 Bassha reigns over Israel (1K15:33-1K16:7)
  26 Elah reigns over Israel (1K16:8-14)
27 Zimri reigns over Israel (1K16:15-22)
Former halfRelationLatter half
14 Other acts of Solomon (1K9:10-28)
But Solomon enslaved none of the Israelites, for they were his fighting force, his ministers, commanders, adjutants, chariot officers, and charioteers. 9:23 The supervisors of Solomons works who policed the people engaged in the work numbered five hundred and fifty. (1K9:22-23)
Commander of army27 Zimri reigns over Israel (1K16:15-22)
when they heard that Zimri had formed a conspiracy and had killed the king. So that day in the camp all Israel proclaimed Omri, general of the army, king of Israel. (1K16:16)
15 Visits of the queen of Sheba (1K10:1-13)
the food at his table, the seating of his ministers, the attendance and garb of his waiters, his banquet service, and the holocausts he offered in the temple of the LORD, she was breathless. (1K10:5)
Feast26 Elah reigns over Israel (1K16:8-14)
His servant Zimri, commander of half his chariots, plotted against him. As he was in Tirzah, drinking to excess in the house of Arza, superintendent of his palace in Tirzah, (1K16:9)
16 Wealth of Solomon (1K10:14-29)
Thus King Solomon surpassed in riches and wisdom all the kings of the earth. 10:24 And the whole world sought audience with Solomon, to hear from him the wisdom which God had put in his heart. (1K10:23-24)
Glory / fall25 Bassha reigns over Israel (1K15:33-1K16:7)
I will destroy you, Baasha, and your house; 16:4 I will make your house like that of Jeroboam, son of Nebat. If anyone of Baasha's line dies in the city, dogs shall devour him; if he dies in the field, he shall be devoured by the birds of the sky. (1K16:3-4)
17 Solomon's errors (1K11:1-43)
So the LORD said to Solomon: "Since this is what you want, and you have not kept my covenant and my statutes which I enjoined on you, I will deprive you of the kingdom and give it to your servant. (1K11:11)
Fall of royal family by sin24 Nadab reigns over Israel (1K15:25-32)
Once he was king, he killed off the entire house of Jeroboam, not leaving a single soul to Jeroboam but destroying him utterly, according to the warning which the LORD had pronounced through his servant, Ahijah the Shilonite, 15:30 because of the sins Jeroboam committed and caused Israel to commit, by which he provoked the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger. (1K15:29-30)
18 The northern tribes secede (1K12:1-19)
To your tents, O Israel! Now look to your own house, David.(1K12:16)
Conflicts between Judah and Israel23 Asa reigns over Judah (1K15:9-24)
There was war between Asa and Baasha, king of Israel, as long as they both reigned. (1K15:16)
19 A man of God from Judah (1K12:20-1K13:34)
For I was instructed by the word of the LORD not to eat bread or drink water and not to return by the way I came." (1K13:9)
Command of the LORD22 Abijam reigns over Judah (1K15:1-8)
because David had pleased the LORD and did not disobey any of his commands as long as he lived, except in the case of Uriah the Hittite. (1K15:5)
20 Judgment on the house of Jeroboam (1K14:1-20)
The LORD will strike Israel like a reed tossed about in the water and will pluck out Israel from this good land which he gave their fathers, scattering them beyond the River, because they made sacred poles for themselves and thus provoked the LORD. (1K14:15)
Asherah, provoking anger of God21 Rehoboam reigns over Judah (1K14:21-31)
Judah did evil in the sight of the LORD, and by their sins angered him even more than their fathers had done. 14:23 They, too, built for themselves high places, pillars, and sacred poles, upon every high hill and under every green tree. (1K14:22-23)

3-2

28 Omri reigns over Israel (1K16:23-28)
  29 Ahab reigns over Israel (1K16:29-34)
    30 Elijah predicts a drought (1K17:1-24)
      31 Elijah's message to Ahab (1K18:1-15)
        32 Elijah's triumph over the priests of Baal (1K18:16-40)
          33 The drought ends (1K18:41-46)
            34 Elijah flees from Jezebel (1K19:1-21)
              35 Ahab's wars with the Arameans (1K20:1-43)
                36 Naboth's vineyard (1K21:1-29)
                  37 Defeat and death of Ahab (1K22:1-40)
                    38 Jehoshaphat reigns over Judah (1K22:41-51)
                      39 Ahaziah reigns over Israel (1K22:52-54)
                        40 Elijah denounces Ahaziah (2K1:1-18)
                          41 Elisha succeeds Elijah (2K2:1-25)
                        42 Jehoram reigns over Israel (2K3:1-27)
                      43 Elisha performs miracles (2K4:1-2K6:7)
                    44 The Aramean attack is thwarted (2K6:8-2K7:20)
                  45 Elisha performs miracles (2K8:1-15)
                46 Jehoram reigns over Judah (2K8:16-24)
              47 Ahaziah reigns over Judah (2K8:25-29)
            48 Rebellion of Jehu (2K9:1-37)
          49 Slaughter of worshipers of Baal (2K10:1-36)
        50 Athaliah and Jehoiada (2K11:1-20_2K12:1)
      51 Joash reigns over Judah (2K12:2-22)
    52 Jehoahaz reigns over Israel (2K13:1-9)
  53 Jehoash reigns over Israel (2K13:10-13)
54 Death of Elisha (2K13:14-21)
Former halfRelationLatter half
28 Omri reigns over Israel (1K16:23-28)
see 1-1
see 1-154 Death of Elisha (2K13:14-21)
see 1-1
29 Ahab reigns over Israel (1K16:29-34)
see 1-1
see 1-153 Jehoash reigns over Israel (2K13:10-13)
see 1-1
30 Elijah predicts a drought (1K17:1-24)
see 1-1
see 1-152 Jehoahaz reigns over Israel (2K13:1-9)
see 1-1
31 Elijah's message to Ahab (1K18:1-15)
see 1-1
see 1-151 Joash reigns over Judah (2K12:2-22)
see 1-1
32 Elijah's triumph over the priests of Baal (1K18:16-40)
see 1-1
see 1-150 Athaliah and Jehoiada (2K11:1-20_2K12:1)
see 1-1
33 The drought ends (1K18:41-46)
see 1-1
see 1-149 Slaughter of worshipers of Baal (2K10:1-36)
see 1-1
34 Elijah flees from Jezebel (1K19:1-21)
see 1-1
see 1-148 Rebellion of Jehu (2K9:1-37)
see 1-1
35 Ahab's wars with the Arameans (1K20:1-43)
see 1-1
see 1-147 Ahaziah reigns over Judah (2K8:25-29)
see 1-1
36 Naboth's vineyard (1K21:1-29)
see 1-1
see 1-146 Jehoram reigns over Judah (2K8:16-24)
see 1-1
37 Defeat and death of Ahab (1K22:1-40)
see 1-1
see 1-145 Elisha performs miracles (2K8:1-15)
see 1-1
38 Jehoshaphat reigns over Judah (1K22:41-51)
see 1-1
see 1-144 The Aramean attack is thwarted (2K6:8-2K7:20)
see 1-1
39 Ahaziah reigns over Israel (1K22:52-54)
see 1-1
see 1-143 Elisha performs miracles (2K4:1-2K6:7)
see 1-1
40 Elijah denounces Ahaziah (2K1:1-18)
see 1-1
see 1-142 Jehoram reigns over Israel (2K3:1-27)
see 1-1

3-2-1

28 Omri reigns over Israel (1K16:23-28)
  29 Ahab reigns over Israel (1K16:29-34)
    30 Elijah predicts a drought (1K17:1-24)
      31 Elijah's message to Ahab (1K18:1-15)
        32 Elijah's triumph over the priests of Baal (1K18:16-40)
          33 The drought ends (1K18:41-46)
            34 Elijah flees from Jezebel (1K19:1-21)
            35 Ahab's wars with the Arameans (1K20:1-43)
          36 Naboth's vineyard (1K21:1-29)
        37 Defeat and death of Ahab (1K22:1-40)
      38 Jehoshaphat reigns over Judah (1K22:41-51)
    39 Ahaziah reigns over Israel (1K22:52-54)
  40 Elijah denounces Ahaziah (2K1:1-18)
41 Elisha succeeds Elijah (2K2:1-25)
Former halfRelationLatter half
28 Omri reigns over Israel (1K16:23-28)
1K16:24 He then bought the hill of Samaria from Shemer for two silver talents and built upon the hill, naming the city he built Samaria after Shemer, the former owner.
Going to Samaria41 Elisha succeeds Elijah (2K2:1-25)
2K2:25 From there he went to Mount Carmel, and thence he returned to Samaria.
29 Ahab reigns over Israel (1K16:29-34)
1K16:34 During his reign, Hiel from Bethel rebuilt Jericho. He lost his first-born son, Abiram, when he laid the foundation, and his youngest son, Segub, when he set up the gates, as the LORD had foretold through Joshua, son of Nun.
Death exactly same as the word of the Lord40 Elijah denounces Ahaziah (2K1:1-18)
2K1:17 Ahaziah died in fulfillment of the prophecy of the LORD spoken by Elijah. Since he had no son, his brother Joram succeeded him as king,
30 Elijah predicts a drought (1K17:1-24)
1K17:18Have you come to me to call attention to my guilt and to kill my son?"
Sin39 Ahaziah reigns over Israel (1K22:52-54)
1K22:53 He did evil in the sight of the LORD, behaving like his father, his mother, and Jeroboam, son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin.
31 Elijah's message to Ahab (1K18:1-15)
1K18:3 Ahab had summoned Obadiah, his vizier, who was a zealous follower of the LORD
What was right in the LORD'S sight38 Jehoshaphat reigns over Judah (1K22:41-51)
1K22:43 He followed all the ways of his father Asa unswervingly, doing what was right in the LORD'S sight. (1K22:43)
32 Elijah's triumph over the priests of Baal (1K18:16-40)
1K18:29 Noon passed and they remained in a prophetic state until the time for offering sacrifice. But there was not a sound; no one answered, and no one was listening. (1K18:29)
False Prophecy37 Defeat and death of Ahab (1K22:1-40)
1K22:23 So now, the LORD has put a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours, but the LORD himself has decreed evil against you." (1K22:23)
33 The drought ends (1K18:41-46)
Prophecy about rain
Prophecy of Elijah36 Naboth's vineyard (1K21:1-29)
Prophecy about death of Ahab
34 Elijah flees from Jezebel (1K19:1-21)
1K19:11 Go outside and stand on the mountain before the LORD (1K19:11)
Mountain and the LORD35 Ahab's wars with the Arameans (1K20:1-43)
1K20:28 Because Aram has said the LORD is a god of mountains, not a god of plains (1K20:28)

3-2-2

41 Elisha succeeds Elijah (2K2:1-25)
  42 Jehoram reigns over Israel (2K3:1-27)
    43 Elisha performs miracles (2K4:1-2K6:7)
      44 The Aramean attack is thwarted (2K6:8-2K7:20)
        45 Elisha performs miracles (2K8:1-15)
          46 Jehoram reigns over Judah (2K8:16-24)
            47 Ahaziah reigns over Judah (2K8:25-29)
            48 Rebellion of Jehu (2K9:1-37)
          49 Slaughter of worshipers of Baal (2K10:1-36)
        50 Athaliah and Jehoiada (2K11:1-20_2K12:1)
      51 Joash reigns over Judah (2K12:2-22)
    52 Jehoahaz reigns over Israel (2K13:1-9)
  53 Jehoash reigns over Israel (2K13:10-13)
54 Death of Elisha (2K13:14-21)
Former halfRelationLatter half
41 Elisha succeeds Elijah (2K2:1-25)
As they walked on conversing, a flaming chariot and flaming horses came between them, and Elijah went up to heaven in a whirlwind. (2K2:11)
The last of prophets54 Death of Elisha (2K13:14-21)
Elisha died and was buried. (2K13:20)
42 Jehoram reigns over Israel (2K3:1-27)
but he still clung to the sin to which Jeroboam, son of Nebat, had lured Israel; this he did not give up. (2K3:3)
Sins of Jeroboam53 Jehoash reigns over Israel (2K13:10-13)
He did evil in the sight of the LORD; he did not desist from any of the sins which Jeroboam, son of Nebat, had caused Israel to commit, but persisted in them. (2K13:11)
43 Elisha performs miracles (2K4:1-2K6:7)
miracles of Elisha
Giving a savor52 Jehoahaz reigns over Israel (2K13:1-9)
So the LORD gave Israel a savior, and the Israelites, freed from the power of Aram, dwelt in their own homes as formerly. (2K13:5)
44 The Aramean attack is thwarted (2K6:8-2K7:20)
After this, Ben-hadad, king of Aram, mustered his whole army and laid siege to Samaria. (2K6:24)
Aram mounts a siege against a city51 Joash reigns over Judah (2K12:2-22)
Then King Hazael of Aram mounted a siege against Gath. When he had taken it, Hazael decided to go on to attack Jerusalem. (2K12:18)
45 Elisha performs miracles (2K8:1-15)
The next day, however, Hazael took a cloth, dipped it in water, and spread it over the king's face, so that he died. And Hazael reigned in his stead. (2K8:15)
Killing a king50 Athaliah and Jehoiada (2K11:1-20_2K12:1)
She was led out forcibly to the horse gate of the royal palace, where she was put to death. (2K11:16)
46 Jehoram reigns over Judah (2K8:16-24)
To this day Edom has been in revolt against the rule of Judah. Libnah also revolted at that time. (2K8:22)
Losing a territory49 Slaughter of worshipers of Baal (2K10:1-36)
At that time the LORD began to dismember Israel. Hazael defeated the Israelites throughout their territory (2K10:32)
47 Ahaziah reigns over Judah (2K8:25-29)
He conducted himself like the house of Ahab, doing evil in the LORD'S sight as they did, since he was related to them by marriage. (2K8:27)
Sins of Ahab48 Rebellion of Jehu (2K9:1-37)
Take him and throw him into the field of Naboth the Jezreelite. For I remember that when we were driving teams behind his father Ahab, the LORD delivered this oracle against him: 9:26 'As surely as I saw yesterday the blood of Naboth and the blood of his sons,' says the LORD, 'I will repay you for it in that very plot of ground, says the LORD.' So now take him into this plot of ground, in keeping with the word of the LORD." (2K9:25-26)

3-3

55 Israel recaptures cities from Aram (2K13:22-25)
  56 Amaziah reigns over Judah (2K14:1-22)
    57 Jeroboam II reigns over Israel (2K14:23-29)
      58 Azariah reigns over Judah (2K15:1-7)
        59 Zechariah reigns over Israel (2K15:8-12)
          60 Shallum reigns over Israel (2K15:13-16)
            61 Menahem reigns over Israel (2K15:17-22)
              62 Pekahiah reigns over Israel (2K15:23-26)
                63 Pekah reigns over Israel (2K15:27-31)
                  64 Jotham reigns over Judah (2K15:32-38)
                    65 Ahaz reigns over Judah (2K16:1-20)
                      66 Hoshea reigns over Israel (2K17:1-6)
                        67 Israel carried captive to Assyria (2K17:7-41)
                          68 Hezekiah's reign over Judah (2K18:1-16)
                        69 Sennacherib invades Judah (2K18:17-2K19:37)
                      70 Hezekiah's illness (2K20:1-21)
                    71 Manasseh reigns over Judah (2K21:1-18)
                  72 Amon reigns over Judah (2K21:19-26)
                73 Josiah reigns over Judah (2K22:1-20)
              74 Josiah's reformation (2K23:1-30)
            75 Reign and captivity of Jehoahaz (2K23:31-35)
          76 Jehoiakim reigns over Judah (2K23:36-2K24:7)
        77 Reign and captivity of Jehoiachin (2K24:8-17)
      78 Zedekiah reigns over Judah (2K24:18-2K25:7)
    79 The fall and captivity of Judah (2K25:8-21)
  80 Gedaliah made governor of Judah (2K25:22-26)
81 Jehoiachin released from prison (2K25:27-30)
Former halfRelationLatter half
55 Israel recaptures cities from Aram (2K13:22-25)
2K13:23 But the LORD was merciful with Israel and looked on them with compassion because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. He was unwilling to destroy them or to cast them out from his presence.
Mercy81 Jehoiachin released from prison (2K25:27-30)
2K25:27 In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin, king of Judah, on the twenty-seventh day of the twelfth month, Evilmerodach, king of Babylon, in the inaugural year of his own reign, raised up Jehoiachin, king of Judah, from prison.
56 Amaziah reigns over Judah (2K14:1-22)
2K14:5 When Amaziah had the kingdom firmly in hand, he slew the officials who had murdered the king, his father.
Murder80 Gedaliah made governor of Judah (2K25:22-26)
2K25:25 But in the seventh month Ishmael, son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, of royal descent, came with ten men, attacked Gedaliah and killed him, along with the Jews and Chaldeans who were in Mizpah with him.
57 Jeroboam II reigns over Israel (2K14:23-29)
Since the LORD had not determined to blot out the name of Israel from under the heavens, he saved them through Jeroboam, son of Joash. (2K14:27)
The LORD doesn't determine ruin of Israel / ruin of Judah79 The fall and captivity of Judah (2K25:8-21)
the king had them struck down and put to death in Riblah, in the land of Hamath. Thus was Judah exiled from her land. (2K25:21)
58 Azariah reigns over Judah (2K15:1-7)
The LORD afflicted the king, and he was a leper to the day of his death. He lived in a house apart (2K15:5)
Wrath of the LORD78 Zedekiah reigns over Judah (2K24:18-2K25:7)
The LORDS anger befell Jerusalem and Judah till he cast them out from his presence. (2K24:20)
59 Zechariah reigns over Israel (2K15:8-12)
Shallum, son of Jabesh, conspired against Zechariah, attacked and killed him at Ibleam, and reigned in his place. (2K15:10)
King is abolished77 Reign and captivity of Jehoiachin (2K24:8-17)
He deported Jehoiachin to Babylon, and also led captive from Jerusalem to Babylon the king's mother and wives, his functionaries, and the chief men of the land. (2K24:15)
60 Shallum reigns over Israel (2K15:13-16)
Menahem, son of Gadi, came up from Tirzah to Samaria, where he attacked and killed Shallum, son of Jabesh, and reigned in his place. (2K15:14)
Rebellion76 Jehoiakim reigns over Judah (2K23:36-2K24:7)
During his reign Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, moved against him, and Jehoiakim became his vassal for three years. Then Jehoiakim turned and rebelled against him. (2K24:1)
61 Menahem reigns over Israel (2K15:17-22)
2K15:20 Menahem secured the money to give to the king of Assyria by exacting it from all the men of substance in the country, fifty silver shekels from each.
To pay tribute to foreign country, tax is imposed75 Reign and captivity of Jehoahaz (2K23:31-35)
2K23:35He exacted the silver and gold from the people of the land, from each proportionately, to pay Pharaoh Neco.
62 Pekahiah reigns over Israel (2K15:23-26)
2K15:24not desisting from the sins which Jeroboam, son of Nebat, had caused Israel to commit.
Sin of Jeroboam74 Josiah's reformation (2K23:1-30)
2K23:15 Likewise the altar which was at Bethel, the high place built by Jeroboam, son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin--this same altar and high place he tore down, breaking up the stones and grinding them to powder, and burning the Asherah.
63 Pekah reigns over Israel (2K15:27-31)
2K15:29Tiglath-pileser, king of Assyria, came and took Ijon, Abel-beth-maacah, Janoah, Kedesh, Hazor, all the territory of Naphtali, Gilead, and Galilee, deporting the inhabitants to Assyria.
Ruined ground73 Josiah reigns over Judah (2K22:1-20)
2K22:19 because you were heartsick and have humbled yourself before the LORD when you heard my threats that this place and its inhabitants would become a desolation and a curse;
64 Jotham reigns over Judah (2K15:32-38)
2K15:34 He pleased the LORD, just as his father Uzziah had done.
Walking the way of father72 Amon reigns over Judah (2K21:19-26)
2K21:21 He followed exactly the path his father had trod, serving and worshiping the idols his father had served. 21:22 He abandoned the LORD, the God of his fathers, and did not follow the path of the LORD.
65 Ahaz reigns over Judah (2K16:1-20)
2K16:3 but conducted himself like the kings of Israel, and even immolated his son by fire, in accordance with the abominable practice of the nations whom the LORD had cleared out of the way of the Israelites.
Immolated own son by fire71 Manasseh reigns over Judah (2K21:1-18)
2K21:6 He immolated his son by fire. He practiced soothsaying and divination, and reintroduced the consulting of ghosts and spirits. He did much evil in the LORD'S sight and provoked him to anger.
65 Ahaz reigns over Judah (2K16:1-20)
2K16:11 Uriah the priest built an altar according to the plans which King Ahaz sent him from Damascus,
Making pagan altar in the temple of the Lord71 Manasseh reigns over Judah (2K21:1-18)
2K21:4 He built altars in the temple of the LORD,
66 Hoshea reigns over Israel (2K17:1-6)
2K17:6the king of Assyria took Samaria, and deported the Israelites to Assyria, settling them in Halah, at the Habor, a river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes.
Captivity70 Hezekiah's illness (2K20:1-21)
2K20:18 Some of your own bodily descendants shall be taken and made servants in the palace of the king of Babylon."
67 Israel carried captive to Assyria (2K17:7-41)
2K17:39 But the LORD, your God, you must venerate; it is he who will deliver you from the power of all your enemies."
If you fear the Lord, you will be saved69 Sennacherib invades Judah (2K18:17-2K19:37)
2K19:6'Thus says the LORD: Do not be frightened by the words you have heard, with which the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed me.

3-3-1

55 Israel recaptures cities from Aram (2K13:22-25)
  56 Amaziah reigns over Judah (2K14:1-22)
    57 Jeroboam II reigns over Israel (2K14:23-29)
      58 Azariah reigns over Judah (2K15:1-7)
        59 Zechariah reigns over Israel (2K15:8-12)
          60 Shallum reigns over Israel (2K15:13-16)
            61 Menahem reigns over Israel (2K15:17-22)
            62 Pekahiah reigns over Israel (2K15:23-26)
          63 Pekah reigns over Israel (2K15:27-31)
        64 Jotham reigns over Judah (2K15:32-38)
      65 Ahaz reigns over Judah (2K16:1-20)
    66 Hoshea reigns over Israel (2K17:1-6)
  67 Israel carried captive to Assyria (2K17:7-41)
68 Hezekiah's reign over Judah (2K18:1-16)
Former halfRelationLatter half
55 Israel recaptures cities from Aram (2K13:22-25)
2K13:25 Joash, son of Jehoahaz, took back from Ben-hadad, son of Hazael, the cities which Hazael had taken in battle from his father Jehoahaz.
Victory to foreign country68 Hezekiah's reign over Judah (2K18:1-16)
2K18:8 He also subjugated the watchtowers and walled cities of the Philistines, all the way to Gaza and its territory.
56 Amaziah reigns over Judah (2K14:1-22)
2K14:614:6 But the children of the murderers he did not put to death, obeying the LORD'S command written in the book of the law of Moses,
Obeying the Lord's command67 Israel carried captive to Assyria (2K17:7-41)
2K17:34 To this day they worship according to their ancient rites. (They did not venerate the LORD nor observe the statutes and regulations, the law and commandments, which the LORD enjoined on the descendants of Jacob, whom he had named Israel.
57 Jeroboam II reigns over Israel (2K14:23-29)
Since the LORD had not determined to blot out the name of Israel from under the heavens, he saved them through Jeroboam, son of Joash. (2K14:27)
Israel is not ruined / is ruined66 Hoshea reigns over Israel (2K17:1-6)
In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria took Samaria, and deported the Israelites to Assyria, settling them in Halah, at the Habor, a river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. (2K17:6)
58 Azariah reigns over Judah (2K15:1-7)
Yet the high places did not disappear; the people continued to sacrifice and to burn incense on them. (2K15:4)
the high places65 Ahaz reigns over Judah (2K16:1-20)
Further, he sacrificed and burned incense on the high places, on hills, and under every leafy tree. (2K16:4)
59 Zechariah reigns over Israel (2K15:8-12)
Thus the LORD'S promise to Jehu, "Your descendants to the fourth generation shall sit upon the throne of Israel," was fulfilled. (2K15:12)
The LORD brings enemies64 Jotham reigns over Judah (2K15:32-38)
It was at that time that the LORD first loosed Rezin, king of Aram, and Pekah, son of Remaliah, against Judah. (2K15:37)
60 Shallum reigns over Israel (2K15:13-16)
Menahem, son of Gadi, came up from Tirzah to Samaria, where he attacked and killed Shallum, son of Jabesh, and reigned in his place. (2K15:14)
Rebellion63 Pekah reigns over Israel (2K15:27-31)
Hoshea, son of Elah, conspired against Pekah, son of Remaliah; he attacked and killed him, and reigned in his place (in the twentieth year of Jotham, son of Uzziah). (2K15:30)
61 Menahem reigns over Israel (2K15:17-22)
He did evil in the sight of the LORD, not desisting from the sins which Jeroboam, son of Nebat, had caused Israel to commit. During his reign, (2K15:18)
Sin of Jeroboam62 Pekahiah reigns over Israel (2K15:23-26)
He did evil in the sight of the LORD, not desisting from the sins which Jeroboam, son of Nebat, had caused Israel to commit. (2K15:24)

3-3-2

68 Hezekiah's reign over Judah (2K18:1-16)
  69 Sennacherib invades Judah (2K18:17-2K19:37)
    70 Hezekiah's illness (2K20:1-21)
      71 Manasseh reigns over Judah (2K21:1-18)
        72 Amon reigns over Judah (2K21:19-26)
          73 Josiah reigns over Judah (2K22:1-20)
            74 Josiah's reformation (2K23:1-30)
            75 Reign and captivity of Jehoahaz (2K23:31-35)
          76 Jehoiakim reigns over Judah (2K23:36-2K24:7)
        77 Reign and captivity of Jehoiachin (2K24:8-17)
      78 Zedekiah reigns over Judah (2K24:18-2K25:7)
    79 The fall and captivity of Judah (2K25:8-21)
  80 Gedaliah made governor of Judah (2K25:22-26)
81 Jehoiachin released from prison (2K25:27-30)
Former halfRelationLatter half
68 Hezekiah's reign over Judah (2K18:1-16)
2K18:11 The king of Assyria then deported the Israelites to Assyria and settled them in Halah, at the Habor, a river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes.
Captivity and liberation81 Jehoiachin released from prison (2K25:27-30)
2K25:27 In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin, king of Judah, on the twenty-seventh day of the twelfth month, Evilmerodach, king of Babylon, in the inaugural year of his own reign, raised up Jehoiachin, king of Judah, from prison.
69 Sennacherib invades Judah (2K18:17-2K19:37)
2K18:31Make peace with me and surrender! Then each of you will eat of his own vine and of his own fig-tree, and drink the water of his own cistern,
Obedience to the foreign country is recommended80 Gedaliah made governor of Judah (2K25:22-26)
2K25:24"Do not be afraid of the Chaldean officials," he said to them. "Remain in the country and serve the king of Babylon, and all will be well with you."
70 Hezekiah's illness (2K20:1-21)
2K20:18 Some of your own bodily descendants shall be taken and made servants in the palace of the king of Babylon."
Prophecy and fulfillment about captivity79 The fall and captivity of Judah (2K25:8-21)
2K25:11 Then Nebuzaradan, captain of the guard, led into exile the last of the people remaining in the city, and those who had deserted to the king of Babylon, and the last of the artisans
71 Manasseh reigns over Judah (2K21:1-18)
2K21:12'I will bring such evil on Jerusalem and Judah that,
Discarded Jerusalem and Judah78 Zedekiah reigns over Judah (2K24:18-2K25:7)
2K24:20 The LORD'S anger befell Jerusalem and Judah till he cast them out from his presence.
72 Amon reigns over Judah (2K21:19-26)
2K21:20 He did evil in the sight of the LORD, as his father Manasseh had done.
Evildoing like as father77 Reign and captivity of Jehoiachin (2K24:8-17)
2K24:9 He did evil in the sight of the LORD, just as his forebears had done.
73 Josiah reigns over Judah (2K22:1-20)
2K22:17 Because they have forsaken me and have burned incense to other gods, provoking me by everything to which they turn their hands, my anger is ablaze against this place and it cannot be extinguished.'
Rage of the Lord about sin76 Jehoiakim reigns over Judah (2K23:36-2K24:7)
2K24:4 and especially because of the innocent blood he shed, with which he filled Jerusalem, the LORD would not forgive.
74 Josiah's reformation (2K23:1-30)
In his time Pharaoh Neco, king of Egypt, went up toward the river Euphrates to the king of Assyria. King Josiah set out to confront him, but was slain at Megiddo at the first encounter. (2K23:29)
Pharaoh Neco75 Reign and captivity of Jehoahaz (2K23:31-35)
Pharaoh Neco took him prisoner at Riblah in the land of Hamath, thus ending his reign in Jerusalem. He imposed a fine upon the land of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. (2K23:33)

Citations of the Bible are from New American Bible, New Revised Standard Version and New Jerusalem Bible.

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Literary Structure of the Bible by Hajime Murai is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Caution: The copyright of the cited Bible verses belongs to each translator and publisher.

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