[1]Salutation (Rom 1:1-7)
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| | A(1:1) | | 1:1 Paul, a slave of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle (1:1)" (ἀπόστολος) |
| | | B(1:2-4) | | | 1:4 established as Son of God in power according to the spirit of holiness through resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord. (1:4)" (Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου) |
| | A'(1:5-6) | | 1:5 we have received the grace of apostleship (1:5) (ἀποστολὴν) |
| | | B'(1:7) | | | 1:7 God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ (1:7) (κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ) |
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A: Apostle. B: Son of God, Lord Jesus Christ. |
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[2]Prayer of thanksgiving (Rom 1:8-15)
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| | A(1:8-9) | | 1:9 proclaiming the gospel (1:9) (εὐαγγελίῳ) |
| | | B(1:10) | | | 1:10 I may at last find my way clear to come to you.(1:10) (θελήματι) |
| | | | C(1:11-12) | | | | 1:12 you and I may be mutually encouraged by one another's faith (1:12) |
| | | B'(1:13) | | | 1:13 I often planned to come to you (1:13) (θέλω) |
| | A'(1:14-15) | | 1:15 to preach the gospel (1:15) (εὐαγγελίσασθαι) |
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A: Evangelization throughout the world. B: The plan to visit Rome. C: Mutually being encouraged by one another's faith. |
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[3]The power of the Gospel (Rom 1:16-17)
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| | A(1:16) | | 1:16 It is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes (1:16) (πιστεύοντι) |
| | | B(1:17a) | | | 1:17 the righteousness of God (1:17) |
| | A'(1:17b) | | 1:17 The one who is righteous by faith will live (1:17) (πίστεως) |
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A: Life by faith. B: The righteousness of God. |
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[4]The guilt of humankind (Rom 1:18-32)
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| | A(1:18-21) | | 1:21 although they knew God they did not accord him glory as God (1:21) (γνόντες) |
| | | B(1:22-23) | | | 1:22 they became fools (1:22) (ἐμωράνθησαν) |
| | | | C(1:24) | | | | 1:24 God handed them over to impurity (1:24) (παρέδωκεν) |
| | | | | D(1:25) | | | | | 1:25 the creator, who is blessed forever. Amen. (1:25) |
| | | | C'(1:26-28) | | | | 1:26 God handed them over to degrading passions (1:26) (παρέδωκεν) |
| | | B'(1:29-31) | | | 1:31 They are senseless (1:31) (ἀσυνέτους) |
| | A'(1:32) | | 1:32 Although they know the just decree of God that all who practice such things deserve death (1:32) (ἐπιγνόντες) |
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A: Doing evil though knowing God. B: Foolishness. C: Handing over. D: The creator. |
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[5]The righteous judgment of God (Rom 2:1-16)
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| | A(2:1-5) | | 2:5 the day of wrath and revelation of the just judgment of God, (2:5)" (ἡμέρᾳ) |
| | | B(2:6) | | | 2:6 who will repay everyone according to his works: (2:6) |
| | | | C(2:7) | | | | Who by patiently doing good seek for glory and honor and immortality (ἀγαθοῦ) |
| | | | | D(2:8) | | | | | Who obey not the truth but wickedness (ἀδικίᾳ) |
| | | | | D'(2:9) | | | | | Everyone who does evil (κακόν) |
| | | | C'(2:10) | | | | Everyone who does good (ἀγαθόν) |
| | | B'(2:11) | | | 2:11 There is no partiality with God.(2:11) |
| | A'(2:12-16) | | 2:16 on the day when, according to my gospel, God will judge people's hidden works through Christ Jesus. (2:16)" (ἡμέρᾳ) |
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A: The day of the judgment. B: Equality. C: Good person. D: Evil person. |
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[6]The Jews and the law (Rom 2:17-29)
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| | A(2:17-20) | | 2:17 you call yourself a Jew (2:17) (Ἰουδαῖος) |
| | | B(2:21-23) | | | 2:23 breaking the law (2:23) (παραβάσεως) |
| | | | C(2:24) | | | | 2:24 the name of God is reviled among the Gentiles (2:24) |
| | | B'(2:25-27) | | | 2:27 who break the law (2:27) (παραβάτην) |
| | A'(2:28-29) | | 2:29 one is a Jew inwardly (2:29) (Ἰουδαῖος) |
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A: Jews. B: Breaking the law. C: The name of God is reviled among the Gentiles. |
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[7]None is righteous (Rom 3:1-18)
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| | A(3:1-2) | | 3:1 What advantage is there then in being a Jew? (3:1) (τί οὖν) |
| | | B(3:3-4) | | | 3:4 God must be true, though every human being is a liar (3:4)" (ἀληθής) |
| | | | C(3:5-6) | | | | 3:5 But if our wickedness provides proof of God's righteousness, what can we say? (3:5) |
| | | B'(3:7-8) | | | 3:7 God's truth redounds to his glory through my falsehood (3:7) (ἀλήθεια) |
| | A'(3:9-18) | | 3:9 Well, then, are we better off? Not entirely (3:9)" (τί οὖν) |
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A: Advantage. B: Lie and truth. C: Wickedness and righteousness. |
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[8]Righteousness through faith (Rom 3:19-31)
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| | A(3:19) | | 3:19 the whole world stand accountable to God (3:19) |
| | | B(3:20) | | | 3:20 since no human being will be justified in his sight by observing the law (3:20) (νόμου) |
| | | | C(3:21-22) | | | | 3:21 But now the righteousness of God has been manifested (3:21) (δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ) |
| | | | | D(3:23-24) | | | | | 3:24 They are justified freely by his grace through the redemption in Christ Jesus, (3:24) |
| | | | C'(3:25-26) | | | | 3:25 to prove his righteousness (3:25) (δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ) |
| | | B'(3:27-28) | | | 3:27 On what principle, that of works? No, rather on the principle of faith. (3:27)" (νόμου) |
| | A'(3:29-31) | | 3:29 Does he not belong to Gentiles, too? Yes, also to Gentiles (3:29) |
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A: God of the whole world. B: The law cannot justify. C: To show the righteousness of God. D: Justification through the redemption in Christ Jesus. |
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[9]The example of Abraham (Rom 4:1-12)
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| | A(4:1-2) | | 4:2 Indeed, if Abraham was justified on the basis of his works, he has reason to boast; but this was not so in the sight of God.(4:2)" (ἔργων) |
| | | B(4:3) | | | 4:3 Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness (4:3)" (ἐπίστευσεν) |
| | | | C(4:4-5) | | | | 4:5 But when one does not work, yet believes in the one who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness. (4:5)" (μὴ ἐργαζομένῳ) |
| | | | C'(4:6-8) | | | | 4:6 the person to whom God credits righteousness apart from works: (4:6) (χωρὶς ἔργων) |
| | | B'(4:9) | | | 4:9 faith was credited to Abraham as righteousness (4:9) (πίστις) |
| | A'(4:10-12) | | 4:11 the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised (4:11) (περιτομῆς) |
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A: Person is not justified by works. B: Person is justified by faith. C: Person is justified apart from works. |
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[10]God's promise realized through faith (Rom 4:13-25)
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| | A(4:13-15) | | 4:13 through the righteousness that comes from faith (4:13) (πίστεως) |
| | | B(4:16-17a) | | | 4:17 I have made you father of many nations (4:17) (πατέρα πολλῶν ἐθνῶν) |
| | | | C(4:17b) | | | | 4:17 who gives life to the dead and calls into being what does not exist. (4:17) |
| | | B'(4:18-22) | | | 4:18 the father of many nations (4:18) (πατέρα πολλῶν ἐθνῶν) |
| | A'(4:23-25) | | 4:24 it was also for us, to whom it will be credited, who believe in the one who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead, (4:24)" (πιστεύουσιν) |
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A: The righteousness comes from the faith. B: Father of many nations. C: The LORD of the life. |
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[11]Results of justification (Rom 5:1-11)
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| | A(5:1-4) | | 5:1 we have been justified by faith (5:1) (δικαιωθέντες) |
| | | B(5:5-6) | | | 5:5 because the love of God has been poured out into our hearts through the holy Spirit (5:5) (ἀγάπη) |
| | | | C(5:7a) | | | | 5:7 one die for a just person (5:7) (ἀποθανεῖται) |
| | | | C(5:7b) | | | | 5:7 a good person one might even find courage to die (5:7) (ἀποθανεῖν) |
| | | B'(5:8) | | | 5:8 God proves his love for us (5:8) (ἀγάπην) |
| | A'(5:9-11) | | 5:9 we are now justified by his blood (5:9) (δικαιωθέντες) |
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A: Justification. B: Love of God. C: Goodness and death. |
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[12]Adam and Christ (Rom 5:12-21)
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| | A(5:12-14) | | 5:12 through sin, death, and thus death came to all (5:12)" (θάνατος) |
| | | B(5:15) | | | 5:15 the grace of God and the gracious gift of the one person Jesus Christ (5:15) (δωρεὰ) |
| | | | C(5:16) | | | | 5:16 the gift, after many transgressions, brought acquittal. (5:16) |
| | | B'(5:17-19) | | | 5:17 who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of justification (5:17) (δωρεᾶς) |
| | A'(5:20-21) | | 5:21 as sin reigned in death (5:21) (θανάτῳ) |
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A: Sin and death. B: The grace and gift of God. C: Gift and sin. |
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[13]Dying and rising with Christ (Rom 6:1-23)
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| | A(6:1-2) | | 6:1 Shall we persist in sin that grace may abound? Of course not! (6:1-2) (χάρις) |
| | | B(6:3-7) | | | 6:7 For a dead person has been absolved from sin. (6:7) (ἁμαρτίας) |
| | | | C(6:8-13) | | | | 6:13 the parts of your bodies to God as weapons for righteousness. (6:13) (παριστάνετε) |
| | A'(6:14-15) | | 6:15 Shall we sin because we are not under the law but under grace? Of course not! (6:15) (χάριν) |
| | | B'(6:16-18) | | | 6:18 Freed from sin, you have become slaves of righteousness. (6:18)" (ἁμαρτίας) |
| | | | C'(6:19-23) | | | | 6:19 present them as slaves to righteousness for sanctification. (6:19) (παρεστήσατε) |
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A: Grace and sin. B: Freed from sin. C: Present the parts of your bodies to God. |
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[14]An analogy from marriage (Rom 7:1-6)
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| | A(7:1) | | 7:1 brothers (7:1) (ἀδελφοί) |
| | | B(7:2-3) | | | 7:2 she is released from the law (7:2) (κατήργηται) |
| | A'(7:4) | | 7:4 my brothers (7:4) (ἀδελφοί) |
| | | B'(7:5-6) | | | 7:6 we are released from the law (7:6) (κατηργήθημεν) |
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A: Calling to brothers. B: Released from the law. |
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[15]The inner conflict (Rom 7:7-25)
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| | A(7:7-13) | | 7:7 I did not know sin except through the law (7:7) (νόμος ἁμαρτία) |
| | | B(7:14-17) | | | 7:17 it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells in me. (7:17)" (ἐν ἐμοὶ ἁμαρτία) |
| | | B'(7:18-20) | | | 7:20 it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells in me (7:20)" (ἐν ἐμοὶ ἁμαρτία) |
| | A'(7:21-25) | | 7:25 I myself, with my mind, serve the law of God but, with my flesh, the law of sin.(7:25)" (νόμῳ ἁμαρτίας) |
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A: Sin and the law. B: Sin that dwells in me. |
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[16]Life in the spirit (Rom 8:1-17)
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| | A(8:1-3) | | 8:3 by sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for the sake of sin |
| | | B(8:4-10) | | | 8:6 The concern of the flesh is death, but the concern of the spirit is life and peace. (8:6) |
| | | | C(8:11) | | | | Resurrection |
| | | B'(8:12-13) | | | 8:13 For if you live according to the flesh, you will die, but if by the spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live |
| | A'(8:14-17) | | 8:14 For those who are led by the Spirit of God are children of God |
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A: Children of God. B: Sin and death. C: Resurrection. |
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[17]Future glory (Rom 8:18-30)
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| | A(8:18-21) | | 8:21 share in the glorious freedom of the children of God. (8:21) |
| | | B(8:22-23) | | | 8:23 we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit |
| | | | C(8:24-25) | | | | 8:24 For in hope we were saved (8:24) |
| | | B'(8:26-27) | | | 8:26 the Spirit too comes to the aid of our weakness (8:26) |
| | A'(8:28-30) | | 8:30 those he predestined he also called; and those he called he also justified; and those he justified he also glorified |
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A: Glory. B: The Spirit. C: Hope. |
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[18]God's Love in Christ Jesus (Rom 8:31-39)
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| | A1(8:31-32) | | 8:31 who can be against us? (8:31) |
| | A2(8:33) | | 8:33 Who will bring a charge against God's chosen ones? (8:33) |
| | A3(8:34) | | 8:34 Who will condemn? (8:34) |
| | A5(8:35-39) | | 8:35 What will separate us from the love of Christ? (8:35) |
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A: Who? |
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[19]God's wrath and mercy (Rom 9:1-29)
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| | A(9:1-5) | | 9:4 They are Israelites (9:4) |
| | | B(9:6-13) | | | 9:11 God's elective plan might continue (9:11) |
| | | | C(9:14) | | | | 9:14 What then are we to say? (9:14) |
| | | | | D(9:15-16) | | | | | 9:15 I will show mercy to whom I will (9:15) |
| | | | | D'(9:17-18) | | | | | 9:18 he has mercy upon whom he wills (9:18) |
| | | | C'(9:19) | | | | 9:19 Why does he still find fault? (9:19) |
| | | B'(9:20-23) | | | 9:21 Or does not the potter have a right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for a noble purpose and another for an ignoble one? (9:21) |
| | A'(9:24-29) | | 9:27 Though the number of the Israelites were like the sand of the sea, only a remnant will be saved (9:27) |
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A: Israel. B: God's elective plan. C: Question. D: Mercy of God. |
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[20]Israel's unbelief (Rom 9:30-10:21)
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| | A(9:30-33) | | 9:31 Israel, who pursued the law of righteousness, did not attain to that law? (9:31) |
| | | B(10:1-7) | | | 10:4 For Christ is the end of the law for the justification of everyone who has faith (10:4) |
| | | | C(10:8-13) | | | | 10:10 For one believes with the heart and so is justified, and one confesses with the mouth and so is saved (10:10) |
| | | B'(10:14-17) | | | 10:17 Thus faith comes from what is heard, and what is heard comes through the word of Christ. (10:17) |
| | A'(10:18-21) | | 10:19 did not Israel understand? (10:19) |
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A:Ignorance of Israel. B: Salvation by Christ. C: Faith and salvation. |
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[21]Salvation is for all (Rom 11:1-10)
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| | A(11:1-4) | | 11:1 has God rejected his people? (11:1) |
| | | B(11:5-6) | | | 11:6 But if by grace, it is no longer because of works (11:6) |
| | A'(11:7-10) | | 11:7 What Israel was seeking it did not attain, but the elect attained it (11:7) |
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A: Salvation of Israel. B: Grace. |
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[22]Israel's rejection is not final (Rom 11:11-24)
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| | A'(11:11-12) | | 11:12 how much more their full number. (11:12) |
| | | B(11:13-15) | | | 11:13 Inasmuch then as I am the apostle to the Gentiles, I glory in my ministry (11:13) |
| | | | C(11:16-18) | | | | 11:18 you do not support the root; the root supports you. (11:18) |
| | | B'(11:19-21) | | | 11:19Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in (11:19) |
| | A'(11:22-24) | | 11:24 how much more will they who belong to it by nature be grafted back into their own olive tree. (11:24) |
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A: Salvation of Jews. B: Salvation of Gentiles. C: Jews support Gentiles. |
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[23]All Israel will be saved (Rom 11:25-36)
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| | A(11:25-27) | | 11:25 I do not want you to be unaware of this mystery (11:25) |
| | | B(11:28-30) | | | 11:30 Just as you once disobeyed God but have now received mercy because of their disobedience,(11:30)" (ἠλεήθητε) |
| | | B'(11:31-32) | | | 11:31 so they have now disobeyed in order that, by virtue of the mercy shown to you, they too may (now) receive mercy. (11:31)" (ἐλέει) |
| | A'(11:33-36) | | 11:33 Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! (11:33) |
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A: Mystery of God. B: Mercy and disobedience. |
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[24]The new life in Christ (Rom 12:1-21)
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| | A(12:1-2) | | 12:2 what is good and pleasing and perfect. (12:2) (ἀγαθὸν) |
| | | B(12:3-5) | | | 12:3 not to think of himself more highly than one ought to think (12:3) (ὑπερφρονεῖν) |
| | | | C(12:6-8) | | | | 12:8 if one exhorts, in exhortation; if one contributes, in generosity; if one is over others, with diligence; if one does acts of mercy, with cheerfulness.(12:8) |
| | | | | D(12:9-12) | | | | | 12:10 love one another with mutual affection; anticipate one another in showing honor. (12:10) |
| | | | C'(12:13-15) | | | | 12:13 Contribute to the needs of the holy ones, exercise hospitality. (12:13) |
| | | B'(12:16-18) | | | 12:16 do not be wise in your own estimation. (12:16) (ὑψηλὰ φρονοῦντες) |
| | A'(12:19-21) | | 12:21 conquer evil with good (12:21) (ἀγαθῷ) |
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A: Good things. B: Warning against boastfulness. C: Contribution. D: Love one another. |
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[25]Being subject to authorities (Rom 13:1-7)
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| | A(13:1) | | 13:1 there is no authority except from God (13:1) (θεοῦ) |
| | | B(13:2) | | | 13:2 whoever resists authority opposes what God has appointed (13:2) (ἀντιτασσόμενος) |
| | | | C(13:3a) | | | | 13:3 For rulers are not a cause of fear to good conduct, but to evil (13:3)" (κακῷ) |
| | | | | D(13:3b) | | | | | 13:3 Do you wish to have no fear of authority?(13:3) (φοβεῖσθαι) |
| | | | | | E(13:3c) | | | | | | 13:3 Then do what is good and you will receive approval from it, (13:3)" (ἀγαθὸν) |
| | | | | | E'(13:4a) | | | | | | 13:4 for it is a servant of God for your good(13:4) (ἀγαθν) |
| | | | | D'(13:4b) | | | | | 13:4 But if you do evil, be afraid (13:4)" (φοβοῦ) |
| | | | C'(13:4c) | | | | 13:4 it is the servant of God to inflict wrath on the evildoer. (13:4) (κακὸν) |
| | | B'(13:5) | | | 13:5it is necessary to be subject not only because of the wrath but also because of conscience. (13:5) (ὑποτάσσεσθαι) |
| | A'(13:6-7) | | 13:6 for the authorities are ministers of God (13:6) (θεοῦ) |
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A: God and authority. B: Disobedience, obedience. C: Evildoers. D: Fear. E: Doing good. |
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[26]Love for one another (Rom 13:8-14)
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| | A(13:8-10) | | 13:9 You shall not commit adultery; you shall not kill; you shall not steal; you shall not covet (13:9) |
| | | B(13:11a) | | | 13:11 it is the hour now for you to awake from sleep (13:11) (ὥρα) |
| | | | C(13:11b) | | | | 13:11 For our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed;(13:11) |
| | | B'(13:12) | | | 13:12 the night is advanced, the day is at hand (13:12)" (ἡμέρα) |
| | A'(13:13-14) | | 13:13 not in orgies and drunkenness, not in promiscuity and licentiousness, not in rivalry and jealousy.(13:13) |
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A: Evildoing. B: Dawn. C: Coming of salvation. |
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[27]Do not judge another (Rom 14:1-23)
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| | A(14:1-6) | | 14:3 The one who eats must not despise the one who abstains, and the one who abstains must not pass judgment on the one who eats (14:3)" (ἐσθίων) |
| | | B(14:7-8) | | | 14:8 we are the Lord's.(14:8) |
| | | | C(14:9) | | | | 14:9 For this is why Christ died (14:9) |
| | | | | D(14:10) | | | | | 14:10 Why then do you judge your brother? (14:10) (κρίνεις) |
| | | | | | E(14:11-12) | | | | | | 14:12 each of us shall give an account of himself. (14:12) |
| | | | | D'(14:13) | | | | | 14:13 Then let us no longer judge one another (14:13) (κρίνατε) |
| | | | C'(14:14-15) | | | | 14:15 for whom Christ died (14:15) |
| | | B'(14:16-19) | | | 14:18 whoever serves Christ in this way (14:18) |
| | A'(14:20-23) | | 14:20 For the sake of food, do not destroy the work of God (14:20)" (ἐσθίοντι) |
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A: Problem about foods. B: Serving to Christ. C: Christ died. D: Don't judge. E: An account of oneself. |
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[28]Please others, not yourselves (Rom 15:1-13)
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| | A(15:1-2) | | 15:2 let each of us please our neighbor for the good, for building up. (15:2) |
| | | B(15:3-4) | | | 15:4 we might have hope (15:4) |
| | | | C(15:5-6) | | | | 15:6 you may glorify the God (15:6) |
| | | | | D(15:7) | | | | | 15:7 Welcome one another, then, as Christ welcomed you, for the glory of God.(15:7) |
| | | | C'(15:8-11) | | | | 15:9 the Gentiles might glorify God (15:9) |
| | | B'(15:12) | | | 15:12 in him shall the Gentiles hope (15:12) |
| | A'(15:13) | | 15:13 May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing (15:13) |
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A: Joy. B: Hope. C: Praise. D: Welcome one another. |
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| Rom 15:1-13 |
| | A(15:1-2) | | 15:2 let each of us please our neighbor for the good (15:2) |
| | | B(15:3) | | | 15:3 Christ did not please Himself (15:3) |
| | | | C(15:4) | | | | 15:4 we might have hope (15:4) |
| | | | | D(15:5-6) | | | | | Prayer to the LORD |
| | A'(15:7) | | 15:7 Welcome one another (15:7) |
| | | B'(15:8-11) | | | 15:8 Jesus Christ has become a servant (15:8) |
| | | | C'(15:12) | | | | 15:12 in him shall the Gentiles hope (15:12) |
| | | | | D'(15:13) | | | | | Prayer to the LORD |
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A: Love each other. B: Christ's humility. C: Hope. D: Prayer to the LORD.
(This structure was analyzed by the help of Mr. Yuriy Lishchinski. Thanks to Mr. Yuriy Lishchinski.) |
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[29]Paul's reason for writing so boldly (Rom 15:14-21)
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| | A(15:14) | | 15:14 filled with all knowledge (15:14) (γνώσεως) |
| | | B(15:15-16) | | | 15:16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles in performing the priestly service of the gospel of God (15:16) (εὐαγγέλιον) |
| | | | C(15:17-19a) | | | | 15:18 what Christ has accomplished through me (15:18) |
| | | B'(15:19b-20) | | | 15:19 I have finished preaching the gospel of Christ.(15:19) (εὐαγγέλιον) |
| | A'(15:21) | | 15:21 Those who have never been told of him shall see, and those who have never heard of him shall understand (15:21)" (συνήσουσιν) |
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A: Knowledge. B: Evangelization. C: What Christ has accomplished through me. |
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[30]Paul's plan to visit Rome (Rom 15:22-33)
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| | A(15:22-24) | | 15:22 That is why I have so often been prevented from coming to you. (15:22) (ἐλθεῖν) |
| | | B(15:25-27) | | | 15:27 if the Gentiles have come to share in their spiritual blessings (15:27) (πνευματικοῖς) |
| | | | C(15:28-29) | | | | 15:29 and I know that in coming to you I shall come in the fullness of Christ's blessing. (15:29) |
| | | B'(15:30-31) | | | 15:30 by the love of the Spirit (15:30) (πνεύματος) |
| | A'(15:32-33) | | 15:32 so that I may come to you with joy by the will of God and be refreshed together with you. (15:32) (ἐλθὼν) |
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A: Wish to visit. B: Gift of the spirit. C: Visit of Paul. |
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A: Salutation. B: Blessing. |
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